Cutting Fluids
Selection of Cutting Fluid:
The choice of cutting fluid in machining processes depends on various factors. Cutting fluids are selected according to which the main factors are given below:
#1. Machining Process Type
Typically, more difficult machining processes more cutting fluids. Heavy cutting oil is required for heavy machining processes such as broking or screwing with a tap. Heavy cutting oils should be used in horizontal broking, but in the vertical broking process, emulsions and solutions may be used.
For the threading and drillings process, the cooling characteristics of cuttings fluids are more important.
#2. Workpiece Material
The next factor for the selection of cuttings fluids is the workpiece material. The cast iron and cast group of materials are brittle during machining, and therefore small chips are produced that do not cause too much friction. Therefore emulsion should be used as it increases the surface finish, and the concentration should be kept between 10 and 15 percent.
For steel and stainless steel workpiece materials, high-pressure cutting oils should be used.
For machinings of steel alloys, water-based cutting fluids are used because they are heat resistant & difficult to cut.
#3. Cutting Tool Material
Another’s a factor for the selection of cutting tool materials is cutting tool material. High-speed steel cuttings tools can be used with any type of cutting tool, but when the material is difficult to cut, the waterless cutting liquid is used with the HSS cutting tool.
For tungsten carbides, the cooling characteristics of cutting fluids are more important because higher heat is produced when it is used as a cutting tool material.